October 27 - November 2, 2025 / Hawai`i Island, USA

Vol 44, Week 43: Lunar Broadcast Precursor: Terrestrial Edition

International Space Station: Most Significant Endeavor of the 21st Century to Date

International Space Station (ISS) marks quarter of a century, begins 26th year of humans living in space, 292 unique individuals from 26 countries, some people with multiple visits. ISS enables 3,000+ experiments / innovations in microgravity, testing technologies for Artemis / other missions to the Moon and beyond, including water recycling, oxygen generation, hydroponic gardening, radiation protection and 3D printing. Health studies on bone loss, vision impairment and mental function inform countermeasures for Artemis crews. ESM of Artemis Orion spacecraft draws from ESA vehicle used for ISS resupply, and proposed Lunar Gateway incorporates Canadarm. ISS pioneers international collaboration and fosters diplomacy, modeling global partnerships in fields like asteroid mining and space tourism. ISS research improves medical treatments on Earth for osteoporosis and cancer, advances water purification / sustainable technologies, inspires STEM education worldwide and symbolizes unity. A widely cited figure for ISS total cost is US$150B, with NASA share at $100B+. ISS approaches 2030 retirement but promotes a multi-world era. Axiom draws on its 3 crewed missions to ISS, works with Thales Alenia (developer / builder of ISS Harmony, Tranquility and Columbus units) to develop modules that attach to ISS and then become independent – providing a unique bridge to new space stations. Starlab is a joint development among Voyager, Airbus, Mitsubishi and MDA. Vast is building Haven. Blue Origin, partnering with Sierra Space, is building Orbital Reef. (Image Credits: NASA, pictured: Jonny Kim, Zena Cardman)

Space Industry Acceleration: Nihonbashi and Silicon Valley Space Weeks

Space startups, corporations and government agencies unite this October to boost the global space industry through collaboration. Nihonbashi Space Week 2025 (October 27-31, Tokyo) leads a major event in Asia, attracting 8,000 participants, 90 exhibitors and 150 speakers across 28 sessions. Organized by Cross U with Mitsui Fudosan, it features exhibitions at Nihonbashi Mitsui Hall and X-Nihonbashi Tower, showcasing key industry leaders including Obayashi Corporation, startups ispace and Axelspace, JAXA and academic institutes. Business conferences and pitch stages drive innovation in satellite tech and lunar exploration, with an ESA-led European-Japanese startup competition enhancing public-private ties. Local governments and investors strengthen Nihonbashi as a space hub in Japan. Concurrently, Silicon Valley Space Week 2025 (October 27-30) convenes leaders at the Satellite Innovation Symposium. Startups partner with NASA Ames, SpaceX and Blue Origin on advanced satellite tech, with MilSat sessions highlighting DoD-commercial links. Strategically located between these hubs at 19°N latitude, Hawaii boosts equatorial launches by 1.8% per degree. Space Age Publishing and International Lunar Observatory Association revive the 1993 Hawaii Offshore Spaceport vision, seeking collaborators. Join the Strategic Hawaii Pacific Space Access Workshop, mid-July 2026, Hawaii Island. Contact Space Age Publishing to shape Trans-Pacific multicultural lunar access. (Image Credits: Nihonbashi and Silicon Valley Space Week Organizers)

Humans in Space

⭐ International Space Station, ~415-km LEO: Expedition 73 seven-member crew deploy from the ISS Kibo module 3 CubeSats—YOTSUBA-KULOVER, e-kagaku-1, and BOTAN—shoebox-sized satellites built by Japanese universities and students to study auroral activity and space weather; crew are speaking with children in Terre Haute IN, USA via Amateur Radio, and 20 youth have been selected to ask questions.

⭐ Tiangong Space Station, ~390-km LEO: Shenzhou 20 three-member crew, Commander Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, are doing in-orbit emergency rescue training, working with new germplasm resources for rice and expecting the launch aboard a Long March 2F rocket of Shenzhou 21 with its 3 Taikonaut members on October 31, bringing the next Commander, Operator and Flight Engineer for an approximate 6-month mission, the 10th flight to TSS; after a handover period of a few days to a week, the Shenzhou 20 crew will depart, with Earth return possibly November 5.

🌔 Lunar NewsWeekly lunar advisories [coming soon]

☄ Near-Earth Objects Close Approaches  Tue Oct 28: Apollo Asteroid 2025 UQ1 (0.026 AU); Wed Oct 29: Apollo Asteroid 2022 UT14 (0.052 AU); Sun Nov 2: Apollo Asteroid 2025 TP11 (0.030 AU)

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